Bishop, M.C.

La transformación de Roma en imperio se ha identificado a menudo con la eficacia y habilidad militar de su ejército, y también con su superioridad tecnológica respecto a la de sus oponentes. Pero, ¿en qué consistían esos avances realmente? ¿Cuáles fueron sus orígenes y su posterior desarrollo?Los (...)

Adopted from the Celts in the 1st century BC, the spatha, a lethal and formidable chopping blade, became the primary sword of the Roman soldier in the Later Empire. Over the following centuries, the blade, its scabbard, and its system of carriage underwent a series of developments, until by the 3rd (...)

The Roman shield, the scutum, was central to the Romans' conquest of the known world, and has become an emblem of the legions at the forefront of that effort. This new study draws on the latest research to reveal the history of this iconic equipment.The introduction of the scutum in the 4th century (...)

First named by Renaissance historians studying the reliefs on Trajan's Column, lorica segmentata evaded successful attempts to reconstruct it until a series of important archaeological finds in the 20th century revealed how it worked and the truth of its extended chronology. The earliest finds date (...)